Tanzania Formal Sector Employment And Earnings Survey 2022/23
ANALYTICAL REPORT
UNITED REPUBLIC OF TANZANIA, 2023 - 2024
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Reference ID
NBS-TFSEE-2022-23-v01
Producer(s)
National Bureau of Statistics, Office of the Chief Government Statistician Zanzibar
Metadata
Created on
Oct 16, 2025
Last modified
Oct 16, 2025
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Identification
Survey ID Number
NBS-TFSEE-2022-23-v01
Title
Tanzania Formal Sector Employment And Earnings Survey 2022/23
Subtitle
ANALYTICAL REPORT
Translated Title
NIL
Country
| Name | Country code |
|---|---|
| UNITED REPUBLIC OF TANZANIA | TZA |
Study type
Enterprise Survey [en/oth]
Series Information
The Tanzania Formal Sector Employment and Earnngs Survey is an annual survey, and it is the first joint annual survey conducted between Tanzania Mainland and Tanzania Zanzibar.
Abstract
The main objective of this survey is to provide information relating to status of employment and earnings in the country across diverse sectors of the economy. The Survey is designed to provide estimates of the labour market indicators to facilitate policy formulation, planning and estimating the contribution of various sectors to the Gross Domestic Product (GDP). The scope of this survey covers all formal sector establishments in public sector, all private establishments employing at least 50 employees and a sample of private sector establishments employing between 5 and 49 employees. On the other hand, it excludes employment in military and diplomatic missions stationed in Tanzania. This report is the source of information showing the distribution of income and number of employees, as well as newly recruited workers and job vacancies in the formal sector of employment at regional level.
Kind of Data
Sample survey data [ssd]
Unit of Analysis
The unit of analysis is establishment, that is institutions/organizations.
Version
Version Description
Edited, anonymous dataset for public distribution.
Version Date
2024-12-10
Version Notes
The 2022/23 Tanzania Formal Sector Employment and Earnings report is the first ever jointly produced report on employment and earnings between NBS and OCGS, thus presenting harmonized employment and earnings statistics for the whole of United Republic of Tanzania (URT); and its constituencies of Tanzania Mainland and Zanzibar. Prior to the 2022/23, implementation of EES were carried out independently in Tanzania Mainland and Zanzibar.
Scope
Notes
The scope of Employment and Earnings Survey, is defined in terms of type of economic activity and institutional sector of the surveyed establishments. The scope of is restricted to formal sector; and covers establishments dealing with any economic activity as defined in ISIC with exception of activities of households as employers and activities of extraterritorial organizations and armed forces.
In terms of employment, the survey covers all formal sector establishments in public sector, all private establishments employing at least 50 employees and a sample of private sector establishments employing between 5 and 49 employees. With regard to geographical scope, the survey covers establishments in all 31 regions of Tanzania.
In terms of employment, the survey covers all formal sector establishments in public sector, all private establishments employing at least 50 employees and a sample of private sector establishments employing between 5 and 49 employees. With regard to geographical scope, the survey covers establishments in all 31 regions of Tanzania.
Topics
| Topic | Vocabulary | URI |
|---|---|---|
| The International Standard Industrial Classification Classification | ISIC | Link |
Keywords
| Keyword | Vocabulary | URI |
|---|---|---|
| The International Standard Industrial Classification | ISIC | Link |
Coverage
Geographic Coverage
National level, Tanzania Mainland, Tanzania Zanzibar, Regional level
Universe
The universe of the survey includes all establishments in public sector, all private establishments employing at least 50 employees and a sample of private sector establishments employing between 5 and 49 employees
Producers and sponsors
Primary investigators
| Name | Affiliation |
|---|---|
| National Bureau of Statistics | Ministry of Finance |
| Office of the Chief Government Statistician Zanzibar | Presidents’ Office - Finance and Planning |
Producers
Funding Agency/Sponsor
| Name | Abbreviation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Goverment of Tanzania | TZA | Funding |
| World Bank | WB | Funding |
Other Identifications/Acknowledgments
| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Prime Minister’s Office - Labour, Youth, Employment and Persons with Disabilities | Prime Minister’s Office, Tanzania | Technical support |
| Department of Labour and Price Statistics | National Bureau of Statistics, Tanzania | Technical support |
| The Statistical Business Register (SBR) unit | National Bureau of Statistics, Tanzania | Technical support |
| Regional Statistical Managers (RSM) under the department for Field Operations | National Bureau of Statistics, Tanzania | Technical support |
Sampling
Sampling Procedure
The 2022/23 EES sample was based on a sampling frame obtained from the Statistical Business Register (SBR) developed and maintained by NBS. The existing sampling frame was developed on the basis of International Standard Industrial Classification Revision 4 (ISIC Rev.4). The survey covered all public sector establishments and private sector establishments with at least 50 employees; and a sample of establishments with employees 5 to 9 employees and 10 to 49 employees.
Response Rate
Out of 14,709 selected establishments in Tanzania Mainland, response rate was 92.5 percent (13,603 establishments). However, out of 2,177 available establishments in Tanzania Zanzibar, response rate was 88.1 percent (1,917 establishments).
Weighting
The weights for the strata were calculated by using the simple expression denoted as: -
Weight = N/n
Where: N = Total number of establishments in the sampling frame
n = Number of establishments that responded
Weight = N/n
Where: N = Total number of establishments in the sampling frame
n = Number of establishments that responded
Data Collection
Dates of Data Collection
| Start | End | Cycle |
|---|---|---|
| 2024-04-10 | 2024-10-10 | Tanzania Mainland |
| 2023-02-12 | 2024-03-12 | Tanzania Zanzibar |
Data Collection Mode
Computer Assisted Personal Interview [capi]
Supervision
The Supervision involved the Regional statistician Managers who were always visiting the teams on their Regions to make sure the work is done as is expected. Their was a Quality control teams
from the NBS HQ and the OCGS office who were time to time visited the teams to ensure the quality is maintained.
from the NBS HQ and the OCGS office who were time to time visited the teams to ensure the quality is maintained.
Data Collection Notes
Survey data were collected using Computer Assisted Personal Interview (CAPI). The data collected include; basic information of the establishments, characteristics of regular and casual employees, number of newly recruited workers and job vacancies.
Data Collectors
| Name | Abbreviation | Affiliation |
|---|---|---|
| National Bureau of Statistics | NBS | Ministry of Finance |
| Office of the Chief Government Statistician | OCGS | Presidents’ Office - Finance and Planning |
Questionnaires
Questionnaires
The questionnaire was designed based on a previous questionnaire. Standards modal was used and it was reviewed and agreed to be used by all stakeholders. After designing, It was pre-tested to ensure questions were understandable and would give back the intended responses. The Questionnare sections includes:
Section A: Identification of The Establishment
Section B: Information of The Establishment
Section C: Employment and Earnings as at 30 June 2023
Section D: Wage Rates for Tanzanian Citizens
Section E: Employees Category
Section F: Casual Workers
Section G: Other Benefits Paid to Employees (July 2022 To June 2023).
Section H: Occupational Injury and Diseases
Section I: Number of Newly Recruited Employees From 1st July, 2022 to 30th June, 2023
Section J: Current Job Vacancies (As Of 30th June 2023)
Section K: Future Job Vacancies in The Next Three Years
Section L: Number of Employees Dropped Out from The Establishment from July 2022 To June 2023
The Questionnaire is attached on Page 85 To 92 in the Analytical Report
Section A: Identification of The Establishment
Section B: Information of The Establishment
Section C: Employment and Earnings as at 30 June 2023
Section D: Wage Rates for Tanzanian Citizens
Section E: Employees Category
Section F: Casual Workers
Section G: Other Benefits Paid to Employees (July 2022 To June 2023).
Section H: Occupational Injury and Diseases
Section I: Number of Newly Recruited Employees From 1st July, 2022 to 30th June, 2023
Section J: Current Job Vacancies (As Of 30th June 2023)
Section K: Future Job Vacancies in The Next Three Years
Section L: Number of Employees Dropped Out from The Establishment from July 2022 To June 2023
The Questionnaire is attached on Page 85 To 92 in the Analytical Report
Data Processing
Data Editing
Data editing took place at a number of stages throughout the processing, including:
a) Headquater level users check and rejecting back the electronic questionnaire for editing
b) Structure checking and completeness
c) Secondary editing
d) Structural checking of SPSS data files
a) Headquater level users check and rejecting back the electronic questionnaire for editing
b) Structure checking and completeness
c) Secondary editing
d) Structural checking of SPSS data files
Data Appraisal
Estimates of Sampling Error
With regard to 2022/23 EES, various measures were implemented to minimize non-sampling Errors. The measures include careful design of the survey, including designing clear and unbiased questions in the questionnaire. After designing, the 2022/23 EES questionnaire was pre-tested to ensure questions were understandable and would fetch intended responses. Moreover, the 2022/23 EES sample was designed in such a way that it was representative of the entire population in order to reduce coverage and selection biases. Other strategies were intensive training of enumerators; pre-selection of sampled establishments; and regular quality control visits during field work to help identify and fix instances which could introduce non-sampling errors in the survey process.
Inevitable errors introduced by sampling. Sampling errors can be evaluated and controlled by sample design and sample selection. It is measured by the variance of the estimator, in this case Coefficient of Variation (CV). Coefficient of Variation is a statistical measure that expresses the relative variability of a dataset in relation to its mean. It is calculated as the ratio of the standard deviation to the mean, expressed as a percentage.
Inevitable errors introduced by sampling. Sampling errors can be evaluated and controlled by sample design and sample selection. It is measured by the variance of the estimator, in this case Coefficient of Variation (CV). Coefficient of Variation is a statistical measure that expresses the relative variability of a dataset in relation to its mean. It is calculated as the ratio of the standard deviation to the mean, expressed as a percentage.
Access policy
Contacts
| Name | Affiliation | URL | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Labor and Price Section Manager | National Bureau of Statistics | james.mbongo@nbs.go.tz | www.nbs.go.tz |
| Head of devision of Gender and Employment Statistics | Office of the Chief Government Statistician | sabina.daima@ocgs.go.tz | zanstat@ocgs.go.tz |
Confidentiality
Confidentiality of respondents is guaranteed by The Statistics Act, [Cap 351 R.E 2019] Before being granted access to the dataset, all users have formally agreed:
1. All identifying information such as the name and address of respondent has been removed;
2. The information is disclosed in a manner that is not likely to enable the identification of the particular person or undertaking or business to which it relates.
3. Not attempt to identify any particular person or undertaking or business;
4. Use of information for research or statistically purpose only;
5. Not to disclose the information to any other person, organization
6. When required by the Director General, return all documents made available to him to the Director General;
7. Comply with the directions given by the Director General relating to the records.
8. Every person involved in the research or statistical project for which information is disclosed pursuant to this section shall make the declaration of secrecy set out in the first schedule.
Access conditions
Tanzania NBS considered three levels of accessibility:
1) Public use files, accessible by all
2) Licensed datasets, accessible under certain conditions
3) Datasets only accessible on location, for certain datasets
The dataset has been anonymized and available as a public use dataset. It accessible to all for statistical and research purposes only, under the following terms and conditions:
1. The data and other material will not be redistributed or sold to other individuals, institutions, or organization without the written agreement of the Tanzania National Bureau of Statistics.
2. The data will be used for statistical and scientific research purposes only. They will be used solely for reporting of aggregated information, and not for investigation of specific individuals or organizations.
3. No attempt will be made to produce links among dataset provided by the National Bureau of Statistics, or among data from the (National Bureau of Statistics) and other datasets that could identify individuals or organizations.
4. No attempt will be made to re-identify respondents, and no use will be made of the identify of any person or establishment discovered inadvertently. Any such discovery would immediately be reported to the National Bureau of Statistics.
5. Any books, articles, conference papers, theses, dissertations, reports, or other publications that employ data obtained from the National Bureau of Statistics will cite the source of data in accordance with the Citation Requirement provided with each dataset.
1) Public use files, accessible by all
2) Licensed datasets, accessible under certain conditions
3) Datasets only accessible on location, for certain datasets
The dataset has been anonymized and available as a public use dataset. It accessible to all for statistical and research purposes only, under the following terms and conditions:
1. The data and other material will not be redistributed or sold to other individuals, institutions, or organization without the written agreement of the Tanzania National Bureau of Statistics.
2. The data will be used for statistical and scientific research purposes only. They will be used solely for reporting of aggregated information, and not for investigation of specific individuals or organizations.
3. No attempt will be made to produce links among dataset provided by the National Bureau of Statistics, or among data from the (National Bureau of Statistics) and other datasets that could identify individuals or organizations.
4. No attempt will be made to re-identify respondents, and no use will be made of the identify of any person or establishment discovered inadvertently. Any such discovery would immediately be reported to the National Bureau of Statistics.
5. Any books, articles, conference papers, theses, dissertations, reports, or other publications that employ data obtained from the National Bureau of Statistics will cite the source of data in accordance with the Citation Requirement provided with each dataset.
Citation requirements
National Bureau of Statistics (NBS) [Tanzania]. 2024. Tanzania Formal Sector Employment and Earnings Survey 2022/23. Dodoma, Tanzania: NBS.
Access authority
| Name | Affiliation | URL | |
|---|---|---|---|
| National Bureau of Statistics | Mninistry of Finance | sg@nbs.go.tz | www.nbs.go.tz |
| Office of the Chief Government Statistician | OCGS | zanstat@ocgs.go.tz | www.ocgs.go.tz |
Disclaimer and copyrights
Disclaimer
"The user of the data should acknowledge that, Tanzania National Bureau of Statistics is the original collector of the data, the authorized distributor of the data, and the relevant funding agency bear no responsibility for use of the data or for interpretations or inferences without a written agreement from the National Bureau of Statistics".
Copyright
(c) 2023, National Bureau of Statistics
Metadata production
DDI Document ID
TZA-NBS-TFSEES-2022-23-V01
Producers
| Name | Abbreviation | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|---|
| National Bureau of Statistics | NBS | Government of Tanzania | Documentation of the study |
| Office of the Chief Government Statistician | OCGS | The Revolutionary Government of Zanzibar | Documentation of the study |
Date of Metadata Production
2025-01-10
DDI Document version
version 1.0