{"doc_desc":{"title":"TZA_2008_NSCA_v01_M","idno":"DDI-TZA-2008-NSCA-v01-M-OCGS","producers":[{"name":"The Office of Chief Government Statistician","abbreviation":"OCGS","affiliation":"Ministry of Finance and Planning","role":" Documentation of the study"}],"prod_date":"2023-10-13","version_statement":{"version":"1.0"}},"study_desc":{"title_statement":{"idno":"TZA-2007-NSCA-v01-M","title":"National Sample Census of  Agriculture 2007\/2008","sub_title":"VOLUME VI: Livestock Sector -Zanzibar Report","alt_title":"NSCA 2007\/2008"},"authoring_entity":[{"name":"The Office of Chief Government Statistician","affiliation":"Ministry of Finance and Economic Affairs"},{"name":"Ministry of Agriculture and Natural Resources","affiliation":"Revolutional Government of Zanzibar"},{"name":"National Bureau of Statistics","affiliation":"Ministry of Finance and Planning "}],"oth_id":[{"name":"Regional Agriculture Development Officer","affiliation":" Ministry of Agriculture and Natural Resources.","email":"","role":"Implementation of census activities at the regional level"},{"name":"District Agricultural Officer","affiliation":" Ministry of Agriculture and Natural Resources.","email":"","role":"Implementation of census activities at the district level"}],"production_statement":{"producers":[{"name":"Department of Policy and Planning of the  Ministry of Agriculture, Food Security and Cooperatives in Tanzania Main land","affiliation":"Tanzania Government","role":"Techinical Assistance"},{"name":"Department Policy and Planning of the Ministry of Livestock and Fisheries Development  in Tanzania Mainland","affiliation":" Tanzania Government","role":"Technical Assistance"},{"name":"Ministry of  Livestock and Fisheries development","affiliation":"Tanzania Government","role":"Technical Assistance"},{"name":"","affiliation":"","role":""},{"name":"","affiliation":"","role":""},{"name":"","affiliation":"","role":""},{"name":"","affiliation":"","role":""},{"name":"","affiliation":"","role":""},{"name":"","affiliation":"","role":""}],"copyright":"(c) 2007\/2008, The Office of Chief Government Statistician","funding_agencies":[{"name":"Department for International Development (DFID)","abbreviation":"DFID","role":"Financial Support"},{"name":"Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA)","abbreviation":"JICA","role":"Financial Support"},{"name":"Government of Tanzania","abbreviation":"GoT","role":"Financial Support"}]},"distribution_statement":{"contact":[{"name":"Head of Data Management division","affiliation":"The Office of Chief Government Statistician","email":"abdullah.makame@ocgs.ac.tz","uri":"www.ocgs.go.tz"}]},"series_statement":{"series_name":"Agricultural Census [ag\/census]","series_info":"National Sample Census of Agriculture 2007\/2008  is the second Sample Census of Agriculture to be carried out in Zanzibar, the first one was conducted in 2002\/03 Agricultural year."},"version_statement":{"version":"- v2.1:  Edited, anonymous dataset for public distribution.","version_date":"2011-12"},"study_info":{"abstract":"Agriculture is an important economic sector of the Zanzibar economy in terms of food production, employment generation, production of raw materials for industry, and generation of foreign exchange earnings. The agricultural sector produces about 30.8 percent of GDP (Economic Survey, 2009) and the contribution of livestock was estimated to be 4.5 percent.\n\nIn 2007, the Government of Tanzania launched the Agricultural Sample Census as an important part of the Poverty Monitoring Master plan which supports the production of statistics for advocacy of effective public policy, including poverty reduction, access to services, gender, as well as the \nstandard production data normally collected in an agriculture census. The 2007\/08 Agricultural Sample Census was designed to meet the data needs of a wide range of users down to district level including policy makers at local, district, and National levels, rural development agencies, funding institutions, researchers, NGOs, farmers\u2019 organizations, etc. This report provides detailed description of the state of the livestock sub-sector in Zanzibar for the agricultural year 2007\/08. \n\nThe detailed tabulations and analysis were based mainly on smallholder farms. In some cases,contribution of large scale farms is also included to give the overall Zanzibar estimates.The main types of livestock and poultry covered in the 2007\/08 Agricultural Sample Census are cattle, goats, sheep, pigs, chicken, ducks, turkeys, rabbits, and donkeys. There was an equivalent of 170,715 livestock units in total representing a total of 228, 538 major livestock of different species. The goat livestock units were about 13,794, sheep were about 114.8 and pigs about 1,005 units. Chicken were kept by 60% of the households, while cattle were kept by 30% of the agricultural households.The trend shows that the number of goats increased by 31 percent, sheep by 18 percent and pigs by 10 percent per annum, while the number of cattle had declined by -0.9 percent between 2003 and 2008. The average number of cattle and goats per household were 4 and 9 respectively. Most of the cattle were kept in the Central district followed by Micheweni, Wete and West districts. \n\nHowever, Micheweni district had more cattle rearing households than the rest of the districts. Milk production from cows during the wet season was115,021 liters (56%) and dropped to 87,490 litres(43%) during the dry season. Average milk production per cow was 2.5 litters during the wet \nseason and 2.3 litres during the dry season. The number of milked cows also dropped from 44,718 during the wet season to 36,639 in the dry season. The price of milk was slightly higher than in the Mainland whereby the prices were Tshs. 508 in the wet season and increased to Tshs. 538 during \nthe dry season.\n\nRegarding small ruminants, Central district has more households raising goats than any other district. About 4 percent of the agricultural households in Tanzania Zanzibar kept improved goats although, the number of improved goats was less than 20 percent. Sheep on the other hand are less important and only 574 households raised sheep most of which were found in the West disrict. With regard to chicken, over 90 percent of agricultural households raised chicken and a bigger proportion (21%) of chicken were kept in the West district and were dominated by the unimproved type (local). The trend shows that, the number of chicken has remained stagnant between 2003 and 2008. However, the number of layers has increased by 36 percent with an annual growth rate of about 7 percent, though there was a decline of 30 percent in the number of broilers. Apart from providing meat, milk and draught power, livestock supply organic fertilizers in terms of manure. In Zanzibar, a total of 6,806 households (7.7% of all households planting during Long \nrain) use organic fertilizers. Organic fertilizer was used on only 2,926 ha representing 7.8 percent of the total planted area during long rain season. Farm yard manure was used in all the districts but,was more common in the Central, South, North B and West. Mkoani and Chakechake were at the \nbottom in terms of organic fertiliser use.\n\nLivestock diseases have remained the most challenging constraint in the livestock sector. Common diseases affecting ruminants include Tick Borne Diseases (TBD), Tse- tse fly infestations, FMD and Lumpy skin Disease. Almost 50 percent of the cattle raising households encountered Tick Borne Diseases, and the problem was more serious in the Central district followed by Chake chake, Micheweni and Mkoani. Spraying with acaricides was the most common method used to control infections. Dipping and smearing were the commonest methods of tick control. For chicken, the Newcastle Disease and the Fowl Typhoid were reported to be a challenge in most of the agricultural households and only 10 percent of the households vaccinated their chicken against theNewcastle disease.Access to extension services varied between the districts and Micheweni district had the highest access (79%) followed by Chakechake(74%), Wete and Mkoani districts, each with (65%). North \u2018A\u2019, West and North \u2018B\u2019districts had less access to extension services. The government accounted for 50 percent of the extension services provided, other sources being NGOs\/development projects,newspapers, radios, and televisions.","coll_dates":[{"start":"2009-06","end":"2009-08","cycle":"3 month"}],"nation":[{"name":"Zanzibar, Tanzania","abbreviation":"TZA"}],"geog_coverage":"Zanzibar\nUrban and Rural\nRegions\nIt covered nine out of 10 districts(Mjini district was not included)","analysis_unit":"Agriculture households for both households and individual level","universe":"All household members aged 15 and above","data_kind":"Sample survey data [ssd]","notes":"Household Information\nLand Access and Use\nAnnual and Permanent Crops Production\nOn farm Investments\nAccess to Credit for Agriculture and Livestock\nCrops Extension Services\nLivestock and Fishery\nPoverty Indicators at household level"},"method":{"data_collection":{"data_collectors":[{"name":"The Office of Chief Government Statistician","abbreviation":"OCGS","affiliation":"Ministry of Finance and Planning"}],"sampling_procedure":"The Zanzibar sample consisted of 317 rural enumeration areas spreed over nine districts. These EAs were drawn from the National Master Sample (NMS) developed to rve as a national framework for the conduct of household based surveys in the country. The National Master Sample was developed from the 2002 Population and Housing Census. The total agricultural households 4,755 were covered. Nationwide, all regions and districts were sampled except for Urban district.\n\nA two stage sample was used, the numbers of villages\/Enumeration Areas (EAs) were selected for the first stage with a probability proportional to the number of villages\/EAs in each district. In the second stage, 15 households were selected from a list of agriculture households in each Village\/EA using systematic random sampling.","coll_mode":["Face-to-face [f2f]"],"research_instrument":"Small Scale farmers \nlarge Scale farmers\nCommunity level","coll_situation":"The questionnaires were designed following users demand to ensure that the questions asked were in line with the users data needs. Several features were incorporated into the design of the questionnaires to increase the accuracy of the data:\n- Where feasible, all variables were extensively coded to reduce post enumeration coding errors;\n- The definitions for each section were printed on the opposite page so that the enumerator could easily refer to the instructions whilst interviewing the respondent;\n- The responses to all questions were placed in boxes printed on the questionnaire, with one box per character;\n- This feature made it possible to use scanning and Intelligent Character Recognition (ICR) technologies for data capture;\n- Skip patterns were used to reduce unnecessary and incorrect coding of sections which donot apply to the respondent;\n- Each section was clearly numbered to facilitate the use of skip patterns and provided a reference for data type coding for the programming of CSpro and SPSS. Three other\ninstruments were used;\n- Village Listing Forms were used for listing the households in the village\/EA and from thislist, a systematic sample of 15 agricultural households were selected;\n- A Training Manual was used by the trainers for the cascade\/pyramid training of supervisors and enumerators; and\n- Enumerators Instructions Manual was used as a reference material.\n\n\nField Pilot-testing\n\nThe Questionnaire was pilot-tested in four different locations both in Unguja and Pemba. The villages of Matemwe and Machui for Unguja and Kangagani and Chanjamjawiri in Pemba. The villages were selected due to the geographical nature so that they can represent the other parts of Zanzibar,the areas were coral and plantain. In addition, several data collection methodologies had to be finalized, namely, livestock numbers, mixed cropping, and finalizing skip patterns and documenting consistency checks.\n\nTraining of Trainers, Supervisors and Enumerators\n\nDuring training, cascade\/pyramid training techniques were employed to maintain statistical standards. The top level of training was provided to 13 national and regional supervisors. The trainers were members of the Planning Group from the Office of the Chief Government Statistician (OCGS), Ministry of Agriculture and Natural Resources and Ministry of Fisheries and Livestock, National Burea of Statistics (NBS) and other sectoral Ministries in Manland... The training concentrated on questionnaires, listing forms, field level Census methodology, and definitions. Emphasis was placed on consistency checking in the field. Tests were given to the supervisors and enumerators and the best 50 percent of the trainees were selected for the \nenumeration of the smallholder questionnaire and the community level questionnaire. \n\nData Collection\n\nData collection activities for the 2007\/08 Agriculture Sample Census started on 1st June, August 2009 and lasted for three weeks. The interview method was used to collect data during the census. Data collection was monitored by a hierarchical system of supervisors which included the Mobile Response Team, Regional and District Supervisors. The Mobile Response Team, which was headed by the Project coordinator provided overall direction to the field operations and responded to queries arising outside the scope of the training exercise. Decisions made on definitions and procedures were then communicated back to all enumerators via the Regional and District Supervisors. District supervision and enumeration were performed by staff from the Ministry of Agriculture and Natural Resources and Ministry of Livestock and Fisheries. Supervision was provided by senior officers of the same Ministries and the Office of the Chief Government Statistician.During the household listing exercise,. a total of 177 enumerators participated during the listing \nexercise and enumeration of small holder questionnaire.. Additional five percent of enumerators were kept as reserve in case of drop outs during the enumeration exercise.","act_min":"Supervision was provided by the senior officers of the same ministry and the office of Chief Government Statistician. 158 enumerators were used and additional five percent were held as reserves in case of drop outs during the enumeration exercise.","weight":"Not included in this report","cleaning_operations":"Enumerators were trained on how to probe the respondents until they were satisfied with the response given before they recorded them in the questionnaire. The first check of the questionnaire was carried out by enumerators in the field during enumeration, followed by district, Regional and National Supervisors. Supervisory visits at all levels of supervision focused on checking on the completeness of the questionnaires and consistency. Inconsistencies encountered were corrected, and where necessary a call back to the respondent was made by the enumerator to obtain the correct information. Further quality control checks were made by supervisors in each district.","method_notes":"Data entry\nScanning and ICR data capture technology was used. This did not only increase the speed of data entry but it also increased the accuracy of the data due to the reduction of keystroke errors. Interactive validation routines were incorporated into the ICR software to trap errors during the \nverification process. Prior to scanning, all questionnaires underwent a manual cleaning exercise by checking that the questionnaire had a full set of pages, correct identification and good handwriting. A score was given to each questionnaire based on the legibility and the completeness of enumeration. This score was used to assess the quality of enumeration and supervision. CSPro was used for data entry of questionnaires that were rejected by ICR extraction application.\nCSPro was used for data entry of all Large Scale Farm and community based questionnaires due to the relatively small number of questionnaires. It was also used to enter smallholder questionnaires that were rejected by the ICR extraction application as well as those found unsuitable for scanning \nduring the manual editing exercise.\n\nBatch validation\nA batch validation program was developed in CSPro in order to identify inconsistencies within a questionnaire. This is in addition to the interactive validation during the ICR extraction process. The procedures varied from simple range checking within each variable to more complexes checking between variables. In totality it took 6 months to screen, edit and validate the data from the smallholder questionnaire. After the long process of data cleaning, the tabulations were prepared based on a pre-designed tabulation plan.\n\nTabulations \nStatistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) was used to produce the Census tabulations and Microsoft Excel was used to organize the tables and compute additional indicators. Excel was also used to produce charts while GIS was used for the maps.\n\nAnalysis and Report Preparation\nThe report writing was outsourced to Sokoine University of Agriculture. The analysis in the reports focuses on regional comparisons, time series and national production estimates. Microsoft Excel was used to produce charts; GIS and Excel were used to generate maps, whereas Microsoft Word \nwas used to compile and write the report.\n\n Data Quality Control\nA great deal of emphasis was placed on data quality throughout the whole exercise from planning, questionnaire design, training, supervision, data entry, validation and cleaning\/editing. As a result of this it is believed that the census is highly accurate and representative of what was experienced at \nfield level during the Census year. With very few exceptions, the variables in the questionnaire are within the norms for Zanzibar and they follow expected time series trends when compared to historical data."},"analysis_info":{"response_rate":"Not stated in this report","sampling_error_estimates":"Not stated"}},"data_access":{"dataset_use":{"conf_dec":[{"txt":"Confidentiality of respondent guaranteed under Statistical Act No.9 of 2007\nThe Chief Government Statistician may disclose information in the form of individual statistical records solely for bona fide research  or statistical purposes that ;\n(a) All identification such as name and address has been removed\n(b) The information is disclosed in a manner that is not likely to enable the identification of the particular person or undertaking or bussiness to which it relates.","required":"yes","form_no":"","uri":""}],"contact":[{"name":"Chief of Government Statistician","affiliation":"The Office of Chief Government Statistician","email":"zanstat@ocgs.go.tz","uri":"www.ocgs.go.tz"}],"cit_req":"\"Office of Chief Government Statistician, National Sample Census of Agriculture 2007\/2008 (NASC 2007\/2008), Version 2.1 of the public use dataset (January, 2012), provided by the National Data Archive. www.ocgs.go.tz\"","conditions":"OCGS considered three levels of accessibility ;\n(1) Public use files, accessible by all\n(2) Licensed datasets, accessible under certain conditions\n(3) Datasets only accessible on location, for certain datasets any person or organization to whom any statistical records are disclosed shall ;\n (a) Not attempt to identify any particular person or undertaking or business;\n (b) Use the information for research or statistical purposes only;\n (c) Not disclose the information to any other person or organization;","disclaimer":"The user of the data acknowledges that Office of Chief Government Statistician is the original collector of the data, the authorized distributor of the data, and the relevant funding agency bear no responsibility for use of the data or for interpretations or inferences based upon such uses."}}},"schematype":"survey"}